Safety-casing for railway-car stoves



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

B. D. STEVENS.

SAFETY CASING FOR RAILWAY CAR STOVES.

No. 277,854. Patented May 15,1883.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets+Sheet 2.

B. D. STEVENS. SAFETY CASING FOR RAILWAY OAR STOVES.

No 277,854. Patented May 15,1883.

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SAFETY CASING FOR RAILWAY GAR sTovns. 4 No; 277,854. Patented May 15,1883.

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,UNITED STATES" PATENT O FICE.

BENJAMIN D. STEVENS, OF BURLINGTON, VERMONT.

SAFETY-CASING FOR RAILWAY-CAR STOVES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 277,854, dated May 15, 1883,

.Application filed December 18, 1882. (No model.)

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, BENJAMIN D. STEVENS,

a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Burlington, in the county of Ohittenden and State of Vermont, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Safety-Casings for Railway-Oar'Stoves; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures'of reference marked there on, which form a part of this specification.

The present invention relates to that class of stoves for heating railway-cars which are provided with means for automatically closing the draft or air apertures in the event of an accident to the car or in case of the overturning or tilting of the stove.

The object of the invention is to provide a safety-casing for inclosing or surrounding a railway-car stove, by the use of which casing I avoidall danger of burning of the car and consequent loss of life in case of accident. The casing devised by me can be used in connection with an ordinary car-stove, and is provided with bottom openings for the admission of cold air, and with top openings for the passage of the heated air into a radiator or shell surmountin g the safety-casin g which surrounds the stove. A rotary disk or a sliding registerplate is fitted on the apertured top of the sat'etyeasing, and is connected with the up-' per end of a spring-pressed lever pivoted to the side or wall of the casing. The lower end of this lever is connected with a ring or band, which is fitted over the air-inlet openings at the bottom of the casing, and is provided with openings registering with those in the casing. A smoke-flue carried by the radiator or top shell extends through one of the openings in the top of the casing and connects with the smoke-pipe of the stove. The radiator rests upon the safety-casing in such a manner that the smoke-pipe of the former serves as a stop for keeping open the hot-air-discharge openings in said casing so long as the stove is in an upright position. When the car or the stove is tilted or overturned the radiator will topple on, and by the removal of its smokepipe from the pipe of the stove bring into action the spring which is connected with the vices for closing all the aperturesin the casing, consequently preventing the escape of fire and causing the latter to go out. A stop or projection on the inner wall of the casing and a projection on the rotary or sliding plate serve ,to limit the extent of movement of the latter and hold it in a. closed position.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of my safety-casing and the stove inclosed thereby, the draft-openings being uncovered. Fig. 2 is a sectional view, showing the casing closed and the radiator removed therefrom. Fig.3 is a perspective view of the removable radiator or top of the casing. Fig. 4. is a horizontal section taken through the bottom portion of the casing. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the closed saf'ety-casing, its wall being broken out to show the interior arrangement of parts.

The letter A designates a casing, which in the present instance is in the form of a cylinder. It may, however, be of a square orother shape, according to the form of stove it is intended to inclose. The casing is constructed of boiler or wrought iron, and is provided with a close or solid bottom, a, and with an apertured top, I). The-latter is secured to the body of the casing by bolts, rivets, or other fastening devices, so as to permit it to be removed for the purpose of introducing the stove into the casing. The apertures in the top of the casing (generally four or more in number, although one may suffice) serve to conduct heated airinto a radiator or drum, B, surmounting the casing. This drum is composed of a sheet-metal shell and a base, B of castiron or other heavy metal. The object of this construction is to make the radiator so heavy that it will rest firmly on the top of the casing without theuse of special fastening devices. An apcrture'd disk or plate, 0, turning on a central pivot, c, or made to slide back and forth, is fitted on the under side of the apertured top b of the casing. When the apertures in said disk coincide with those in the ICG aforesaid top I), a free and unobstructed pasdiator will take place.

The radiator is provided with a vertical smoke-pipe, D, which extends belowthelower edge of the shell of the radiator and projects into the casing, where it is connected with the smoke-pipe E of the stove. An enlargement or plate, 01, on the pipe D enters one of the apertures in the top of the casing, and serves to hold the disk or plate 0 in such position that the openings orapertures in the casing are open to their full extent. A series of openings,1 made in the side of the casing A, serve for the admission of cold air into the latter for supporting combustion and supplying air to be heated by passage through the casing and radiator. A ring or band, G, having a series of openings corresponding with the openings F, is arranged on the inside of the casing, and is connected with the lower end of a lever, H, pivoted to the wall or side of the casing. The ring has a socket, h, in which 'the lever is stepped, and a plate-spring, I, bearing against said socket, is secured to a bolt or pin, J, rising from the center of the bottom of the casing.

The upper end of the leverbears againstaprojection or stop, h on the under side of the r0- tary disk or sliding plate 0. When the radiator is in position and its pipe connected with the smoke-pipe of the stove, the bottom and top openings are uncovered, so as to insure a perfect draft or free passage of air. When. however, the top or radiator is removed by accident or other cause, the withdrawal of the smoke-pipe and its plate or enlargement d from the aperture in the top of the casing will bringthe spring 1 into action and cause it to close the casingin an air-tight manner by bringing the solid parts of the lower band and top plate opposite the openings in the casin Hence it follows that the closing of the draftopenings will render the casing air and fire tigll t.

A lug or projection, m, on the under side of the-movable plate 0 comes in contact with a log, n,on the inside of the casing, when the plate is closed by the action of the spring. These lugs thus serve as stop devices for limiting the movement of the plate and holding it closed by means of the spring, the lower plate being also held closed by the pressure of the lever. A door, M, in the casing is held in a closed position by appropriate means, and serves for reaching the hearth ot' the stove. Fuel is supplied to the latter in any suitable manner, and in the present instance by achute,

N, at its top, which is in line with one of the apertures in the top of the casing, The radiator is also provided with a door,(), and its bottom rim or heavy base is perforated to permit hot air to pass therefrom.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A safety-casing for railway-car stoves, consisting of a shellor body having bottom airinlet openings, and a register ring or plate, and an apertured top and movable plate, also provided with apertures, a "ertical spring-- pressed lever connected with the movable top and bottom plates, and a'suitable stop device forlimiting the movementot'said plates or holding them closed, substantially as herein set forth.

2. The combination of the detachable radiator having a smoke-pipe, with the safety-casing having an apertured top and movable register-plate, and suitable stop for holding said plate closed, and the stove inclosed in said casing, as and for the purpose set-forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

BENJAMIN D. STEVENS.

Witnesses:

WM. H. HARE, GEO. W. lVALEs. 

